РАБОТА НАД ТЕКСТОМ
Investigation
Smuggling information collection
Canine enforcement
Bonded warehouses
Free trade zones
Free trade zones are usually set up to encourage the development of the country and to promote its foreign trade. A free zone is regarded as being outside the Customs territory. Goods introduced into a free zone are not subject to the usual Customs control. Relief from import duties in respect of these goods is granted. The Customs carries out certain control within the free zone to ensure that the operations are in accordance with the Customs regulations.
When the importer doesn’t pay the duty immediately on importation, the goods are stored in a bonded warehouse. The goods cannot be taken out of the warehouse until the importer pays the duties. He also has to pay storage charges.
Use of dogs specially trained to smell drugs helps speed upcustoms examination process with less damage than some more traditional methods of inspection may cause.
Collection and analysis of information on smuggling results in better understanding of smuggling trends and the modus operandi of individuals/organizations breaking Customs laws.
Investigation of customs violations is performed to targetviolators of customs laws and regulations. The full range of customs violations can be investigated: the smuggling of merchandise, narcotics arms and ammunition, and other contraband; commercial fraud; currency violations and money laundering; internal corruption; infringement of intellectual property rights (IPR) etc.
11.Laboratory procedures.Laboratory analyses are to be performed in order to classify merchandise and collect the correct amount of duty. The Harmonised System of classification is much more dependent on laboratory analysis than most prior classification systems.
12. Training.
Practical and well-structured training is one of the keystones to building a more effective customs organization. Customs Service carries out training, retraining and improvement of the skills of specialists in the field of Customs practice for public bodies, enterprises, institutions and organizations
13.Customs brokers.
Brokers must pass an examination and obtain a licence from the Customs central administration to do business. Brokers are to consult Customs to determine the proper rate of duty or basis for appraisement.
Упражнение 1. Прочтите текст, пользуясь словарем.
Упражнение 2. Ответьте на следующие вопросы.
1. What is the difference between «to assess» and «to collect» Customs duties?
2. What is the reason for merchandise classification?
3. Why is it necessary to appraise the goods properly?
4. Why are all cargo shipments subject to Customs control?
5. Why is “a free zone” set up?
6. What do you know about bonded warehouses?
7. What are the advantages of the use of drug detector dogs at the Customs?
8. What can collection and analysis of smuggling information result in?
9. Why is it necessary to investigate Customs violations?
10. What is the purpose of laboratory analyses at the Customs?
11. Why is training considered very important?
12. What do you know about Customs brokers?
Упражнение 3. Какие из следующих предложений соответствуют/не соответствуют содержанию текста? Обоснуйте свой ответ.
1. The assessment of import duties and taxes and collection of revenue is a keystone in every Customs organization.
2. Errors in merchandise classification cannot result in improper amounts of duty to be collected.
3. Cargo shipments entering the country are to be supplied with a few documents excluding commercial invoices.
4. Cargo shipments are to be inspected for duty collection only.
5. Goods introduced into a free trade zone are not subject to the usual Customs control.
6. It is the Customs responsibility to pay storage charges
7. Customs brokers must pass an examination and obtain a licence from the Customs central administration.
Упражнение 4. Кратко изложите в письменной форме на английском языке, что вы знаете об:
1. основных функциях таможенных органов;
2. зонах свободной торговли;
3. таможенных правонарушениях;
4. классификации товаров и определении таможенной стоимости.
5. использовании служебных собак.
6. подготовке и повышении квалификации сотрудников таможни.
7. таможенных брокерах.
Упражнение 5. Подберите антонимы к следующим словам и словосочетаниям:
to prevent smuggling
to break Customs laws
relief from duty
concealment
to grant
Упражнение 6. Подберите синонимы к следующим словам и словосочетаниям:
merchandise
to set up
infringement
responsibility
to be subject to
Упражнение 7. Подберите подходящее по смыслу окончание для каждого предложения.
| 1. The assessment and collection of import duties and taxes have always been… | a) a basis for goods valuation. |
| 2. Errors in merchandise classification often result in… | b) to collect proper duty and prevent smuggling (contraband). |
| 3.This cargo document is… | c) one of the main functions of Customs organization. |
| 4.Effective passenger and baggage control is necessary… | d) improper amounts of duty to be collected. |
| 5. Free trade zones are usually set up… | e) are not subject to the usual Customs control. |
| 6. Goods introduced into a free trade zones… | f) to target violators of Customs laws and regulations. |
| 7. Investigation of Customs violation is performed… | g) to encourage the development of the country and to promote its foreign trade. |
| 8.Laboratory analyses are to be performed in order … | h) to classify merchandise and collect the correct amount of duty |
Упражнение 8. Переведите следующие вопросы на английский язык и ответьте на них в письменной форме.
1. Почему начисление и сбор таможенных пошлин всегда являлись одной из основных функций таможни?
2. К каким последствиям могут привести ошибки, допущенные при классификации товара?
3. Какой документ является основным для таможенной оценки?
4.Какие задачи стоят перед таможней при досмотре пассажиров и грузов?
5. С какой целью создаются зоны свободной торговли?
6.Кто оплачивает расходы при хранении товаров на складе временного хранения?
7. Какие нарушения таможенного законодательства рассматривает отдел по расследованиям?
8. Какие функции выполняет таможенный брокер?