Приставки латинского и греческого происхождения
Sense, sensor, sensation, sensitive
Detect, detection, detectable, detective
Correct, correctly, correction, corrective, correctness
Analyse, analysed, analysis, analyst
Access, accessed, accessible, accessibility
Generate, generated, generative, generation
a. Exercises can be quickly _____ using this program.
b. Our company is working on a new ______ of software products.
c. This development is sure to _____ great interest.
a. All user requests to ____ a database are handled by the database management system.
b. _____ to the computer room is restricted to authorized personnel.
c. Those files are not _____ unless you know the password.
a. When a text is ______ , all pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, and verb forms are automatically identified.
b. This _____ shows that most PC users are not aware of the full potential of the software products they buy.
c. The DBMS first receives the request and _____ it for syntax errors.
a. If an error occurs, it is important to take ______ action immediately.
b. The “spell check” facility checks the _____ of your spelling.
c. The data were entered _______ , so the result must be accurate.
a. There were ______ traces of radiation in the water sample.
b. The analyst could not _____ any errors in the system.
c. She tried to escape _____ by disguising herself.
a. An infrared ______ detects the presence of intruders in the building.
b. The probe is _____ to heat and light.
c. The new system caused a _____ when it was launched last month.
Многие слова современного английского языка содержат приставки латинского и греческого происхождения. Понимание значений этих приставок помогает овладению словарем и способствует развитию языковой догадки. Рассмотрим три категории приставок: приставки времени и пространства, приставки качества и условия и приставки количества.
| Приставка | Значение | Пример |
| Time and Position ad-, ac-, an-, ag-, af-, ap-, at- ab(s)- ante- apo- cata- | to, toward before, in front of away from, off down | admit, accurate, attracive abstract antecedent apologize catastrophe |
| circum- com-, con-, col-, cor- de- dia- en-, em- | around together with away from, down across, between in | circumstance connection dehydrated diameter employee |
| ex-, ec-, ef-, es- extra- in-, il-, im-, ir- inter-, intro-, intra- ob-, op- peri- post- pre- pro- re-, retro- trans- | out beyond not between within against around later before toward back through | escape extraordinary immigrate intermission introduce opponent periscope postscript precede progress retract transport |
| Quality and Condition anti- contra- dis- heter- homo- hyper- mal- mis- pseod(o)- | in opposition to opposed to not other same excessive bad wrong false | antisocial controversy disloyal heterogeneous homogeneous hypersensitive malpractice miscarriage pseudointellectual |
| Number and Amount bin- di-, du- demi-, semi- hemi- mon(o)- multi-, poli- tri- | two two half uni many three | binoculars dichromatic semicircle monogram polygon triangle |
Упр.2.4.1. Соотнесите слово, содержащее латинскую или греческую приставку, с его значением.
| 1. monologue 2. dilemma 3. nonconformist 4. malevolent 5. antagonistic 6. reciprocal 7. colleague | a. worker in the same occupation b. actively in opposition to c. showing ill will d. a choice between equally unacceptable alternatives e. a long speech by one person f. refusing to live within the established norms of society g. affecting both sides mutually |
Упр.2.4.2. Образуйте слова, соединив приставку с корнем. Переведите их на русский язык.
| 1. uni 2. com 3. super 4. sym 5. hemi 6. multi 7. tri | a. versity b. logy c. media d. sphere e. abundant f. metrical g. passion |
**Упр.2.4.3. Заполните пропуски префиксом из предложенного списка, так чтобы получилось требуемое по контексту слово.
| auto | de | dec | inter | maxi | mega |
| micro | mini | mono | multi | semi | sub |
a. Most people prefer a colour screen to a ____ chrome screen.
b. A _____ byte equals approximately one million bytes.
c. Once you finish your program, you will have to test it and ____ bug it to remove all the mistakes.
d. The introduction of ____ conductor technology revolutionized the computer industry.
e. If a computer system has two or more central processors which are under common control, it is called a _____ processor system.
f. The _____ imal system is a number system with a base of 10.
g. When the user and the computer are in active communication on a graphics system, we refer to this as _____ active graphics.
h. All you have to do is to move the ____ imal point one digit to the left.
i. Large books and even sets of books can be put on a single _____ chip.
j. ____ meter measures small length with great accuracy.
k. A ____ circle is one half of a circle.
l. Hydrogen was ____ stituted by oxygen.
m.The theory was thought to hold for ____ molecular compounds.
n. ____ organisms, which are abundant everywhere, are of immense importance to all living things.
o. ____ rail systems are expensive to install and are currently only used for special purposes.
p. Many of the West’s large _____ national companies have substantial operations in the poor African countries.
q. The company now has 40% of the American _____- computer market.
r. Both monetary policy and fiscal policy can be used to ____ flate the economy.
s. The ____ polist can obtain a high profit by restricting supply and demanding a high price.
t. A ____ pression is characterized by low profits, investment and high unemployment.