Differently, the political ideology is the version of corporate consciousness reflecting the group point of view on a course of political and social development of a society and consequently different certain bias of estimations and propensity to spiritual экспансионизму. It is mainly the tool of elite circles which with its help consolidate group associations of citizens, provide communication with bottoms, build certain sequence of actions in political space. The ideology at the same time is socially significant, theoretically issued system of ideas in which interests of certain layers are reflected and which serves fastening or change of public interests. But ideology - not simply theoretically issued comprehension by a social stratum of the life in its development. The system of values which is fixed in ideology, creates reference points for social action. These reference points will mobilise people, supervise over their public activity and define it.

The basic functions of political ideology are: ориентационная, mobilisation, интегративная, standard, amortisation, function of expression and protection of interests of certain social group. Distinguish also three levels of functioning of political ideology:

Teoretiko-conceptual on which the substantive provisions opening values and ideals of a certain class, the nations, the state or adherents of any definite purpose of political development are formulated. It is level of political philosophy of the group expressing the basic tsennostno-semantic reference points of its development, those ideals and principles for the sake of which revolutions are made;

Programmno-political on which socially-philosophical principles and ideals are translated in programs, concrete slogans and requirements of political elite, forming, thus, a standard basis for acceptance of administrative decisions and stimulation of political behaviour of citizens;

Staticized which characterises degree of development by citizens of the purposes and principles of the given ideology, a measure of their embodiment in their practical affairs and acts.

Falling of influence of ideologies on public opinion or distribution of the texnocratic representations denying possibility of influence of social values on political connections and the relations, conducts to деидеологизации politicians. So, in the beginning of 60th ХХ century D.Bell and R.Aron have come to a conclusion about “the ideology end”, but it is literally in a decade they have started talking about реидеологизацииpublic life. Violent introduction of ideology in a society carries the name индоктринации and can lead to strengthening of public intensity.

IV. The Basic ideological currents in the modern world. Thepolitical history throughout centuries has shown origin and decline of many ideological doctrines. We will short stop on the characteristic only those ideological designs which last one and a half-two centuries played the most appreciable role political arena:

- Liberalism and neoliberalism.As an independent ideological current liberalism was generated on the basis of political philosophy of English educators of J. Lock, T.Gobbs, J. Милля, A.Smith in the end of XVII - the beginning of XVIII centuries Having connected a personal freedom yours faithfully natural human rights, and also with system of private possession, liberalism has put ideals of a free competition, the market, business in a basis of the concept. According to these priorities, leading political ideas of liberalism were and there is a legal equality of citizens, the contractual nature of the state, belief about равноправности competing in the politician “the professional, economic, religious, political associations any of which cannot have the moral superiority and practical prevalence over others”. The ideologically-moral kernel of "classical liberalism” was formed by following positions:

1) absolute value of the human person and primary (from a birth) equality of all people;

2) an autonomy of individual will;

3) initial rationality and virtue of the individual;

4) existence of certain inaliennable human rights, such, as the right to life, freedom, the property;

5) creation of the state on the basis of the general consensus and for the only purpose to keep and protect the natural rights;

6) contractual character of relations between the state and a society;

7) leadership of the law as tool of social control and “freedom in the law” as the right and possibility ”to live according to the constant law, the general for everyone in this society not to be dependent from changeable, uncertain, unknown autocratic will of other person” (J. Lock);

8) restriction of volume and state fields of activity;

9) security-first of all from the state intervention - private human life and freedom of its actions in all spheres of public life;

10) existence accessible to reason of the individual of the higher trues which should play a role of reference points in a choice between good and harm, rather and anarchy.

Adaptation of traditional values of liberalism to realities of second half ХХ century has carried out neoliberalism. In a basis of its political program ideas of a consensus operating and operated, necessities of participation of weights for political process, democratisation of procedure of acceptance of administrative decisions have laid down. Unlike former propensity mechanically to define democratic character of political life on the majority, neoliberals began to prefer pluralistic forms of the organisation and government realisation.Ideas of strengthening of a role of state structures in public life, creations of "the social state” have appeared it not alien. In the field of economy they defend necessity of preservation of position of the different patterns of ownership equal in rights which viability the market should define. At the same time development of the market and its mechanisms is provided to be carried out under state control. The neoliberalism which has fixed outstanding position of this ideology in the world, more and more gets character not so much the accurate program, how many attitude, outlook, semantic orientations in which on the foreground there are general ideals and cultural principles;

- Conservatism and neoconservatism.Conservatism (the term has used for the first time François Shatobrian [1768-1848] in the beginning of XIX century) Represents the double spiritual phenomenon. On the one hand, it is psychological installation, the style of thinking connected with domination of inertia and a habit, certain vital temperament, the system of guarding consciousness preferring former system of board, irrespective of its purposes and the maintenance. On the other hand, conservatism is an and corresponding model of behaviour in the politician and life in general, and a special ideological position with the philosophical basis, containing known reference points and principles of political participation, the relation to the state, a social order and associating with certain political actions, parties, the unions. Reaction of Zhozefa де Mestra (1753-1821), Lui де Bonalda (1754-1840), Edmunda Berk (1729-1797) on Great French revolution of XVIII century became the precondition of occurrence of these base representations Caused in founders of conservatism of thought about противоестественности conscious transformation of social usages. Conservatism, thus, is the ideological and political doctrine focused on preservation and maintenance of historically developed forms of the state and public life, in particular its valuable foundations embodied in a family, national features, religion, the property.