Grammar Exercises

Exercise 5.

Electomagnetism

Cool

5. Radiation is heat that travels as _________ waves.

Replace the words in bold with the following words.

1. Electric convector heaters heat the air and make it circulate.

2. While convection warm gas or liquid moves around and dissipates heat, transferring it to the rest of the gas or liquid.

3. After the heat has been conductedthrough the metal of the radiator, the heat is dissipated by convection.

4. To calculate the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of substance, you need to know the amount of energy requiredto raise the temperature.

5. What happens when substance change its state?

6. Latent heat is the amount of energy absorbed or emitted while substance changes state.

Exercise A.Match each sentence with one use of the Resent Perfect Simple or the Present Perfect Continuous.

1. Nigel’s eyes are sore because he has been reading all morning. ___

2. It’s the first time I have seen Mark so angry. ___

3. She has been studying power engineering for three years. ___

4.Chuck has been sick; that’s why he looks so pale. ___

5. A bomb has exploded in downtown Springfield. ___

6. I have been thinking about my future. ___

7. You have asked me that question twice already. ___

8. We haven’t seen her since she moved away. ___

We use the Present Perfect Simple

a for something that happened in the past, but has a result in the present.

b for an action that happened several times or repeatedly in the past.

c with superlatives and expressions the first/second time.

d for something that happened at an indefinite time in the past.

e for an action that started in the past and continues up to the present with for, since and stative verbs.

We use the Present Perfect Continuous

f for a long action that has just finished and has an effect in the present

g to emphasize how long something has been happening usually with for and since.

h for a recent or unfinished continuous action.

Exercise B.Follow the instructions and write the sentences with the Present Perfect Simple or the Present Perfect Continuous in your notebook.

1. express a completed action

I/start/yoga classes

2. see how many

Wendy/attend/three lectures

3. express an unfinished continuous action

Reggie/sleep/all day

4. express a repeated action

Elton John/record/mushy songs/for years

Exercise C. Circle the correct words.

1. Have you ever had/Have you ever been having a research experience?

2. I feel really down. It’s rained/It’s been raining all day!

3. Kate and I haven’t spoken/haven’t been speaking for a long time.

4. Has he taken/Has he been taking a personality test before?

5. She’s very shy and hasn’t made/hasn’t been making many friends at her university.

6. Of course I’m angry! I have waited/I have been waiting for you since 10 o’clock!

7. I’m very sorry, but I haven’t finished/haven’t been finishing my report.

8. This is the first time I have visited/have been visiting Ukraine and it’s so exciting!