Modal Verbs and their Equivalents
Grammar
Active Vocabulary
Illustrative Examples
Key Examples
Sentence Patterns
Чтение двусложных глаголов с ударением на втором слоге
Phonetical and Orthoepical Material
Information for Study
Lesson Thirteen (13)
Прослушайте и повторите за диктором английские слова в таблице 14.
Запомните таблицу.
Выполните упражнения 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 раздела А.
Таблица 14.
| ударный слог | |||
| безударный слог |
| Глаголы (с изменяемыми приставками) | sup¢pose | ||
| col¢lect | |||
| dis¢cuss | |||
Изменяемые приставки1 : con-, in-(en-), sub-, ob-, dis-, ex-, ad-.
Прослушайте и повторите за диктором каждое предложение.
Запомните их.
| He can ¢speak English. ¢Can he ¢speak English? He ¢can't ¢speak English. He could ¢speak English. You ¢must ¢speak ¢English in class. You ¢had to ¢speak ¢English in class. She may go. She might go. |
¢Can he ¢speak English?
Yes, he can. No, he can't.
¢Could he ¢speak English?
Yes, he could. No, he couldn't.
¢Will he be ¢able to ¢speak English?
Yes, he will. No, he won't.
¢Must he ¢translate this text?
Yes, he must. No, he mustn't (needn't).
¢Does he ¢have to ¢translate this text?
Yes, he does. No, he doesn't.
¢Did he ¢have to ¢translate this text?
Yes, he did. No, he didn't.
¢Will he ¢have to ¢translate this text?
Yes, he will. No, he won't.
¢May I ¢come into the room?
Do, please. No, you mustn't.
¢Might you ¢leave ¢Moscow for ¢St.-Petersburg in ¢two ¢days?
I think, I might. No, I might not.
¢Who can skate? I can.
¢What must you do?
¢When must we ¢leave the hotel?
¢Where should we stay?
¢Why ¢can't you ¢show me this letter?
| Nouns | Verbs | Adjectives | Adverbs | Word Combinations | |
| animal cattle East horse hotel lane North phone (telephone) road sign West | allow can (could) drive may (might) must ought oblige should sing smell stay taste | able careful wild | quite | You are welcome. It's a pity. | |
Прочтите и запомните материал раздела 1.4.
Table 30.
(Модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты)
| Модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты | Значение | Present | Past | Future |
| Can | возможность, | can | could | - |
| to be able (to) | способность совершения действия | am, is, are able (to) | was, were able (to) | shall, will be able (to) |
| May | возможность совер- | may | might | - |
| to be allowed (to) | шения действия в зависимости от разрешения или вероятности | am, is, are allowed (to) | was, were allowed (to) | shall, will be allowed (to) |
| must | необходимость совершения действия, | must | - | - |
| to have (to) | необходимость совершения действия в зависимости от обстоятельства, | have (to) has (to) | had (to) | shall, will have (to) |
| to be (to) | необходимость совершения действия, заранее запланированного, по договоренности | am (to) is (to) are (to) | was (to) were (to) | - |
| should | необходимость совершения действия | should | - | - |
| ought (to) | моральная необходимость совершения действия | ought (to) | - | - |
| to be obliged (to) | быть вынужденным что либо сделать | am, is, are obliged (to) | was, were obliged (to) | shall, will be obliged (to) |
Table 31.
| Affirmative | Interrogative | Negative | |||
| The Present Indefinite Tense | |||||
| I can swim. He must go there. You may smoke here. I have to do. | Can you swim? Must he go there? May I smoke here? Do I have to do? | I cannot (can't) swim. He must not (mustn't) go there. He needn't go there. I don’t have to do. | |||
| The Past Indefinite Tense | |||||
| I could swim. I had to go there. You might leave on Sunday. I had to do. | Could you swim. Did he have to go there? Might you leave on Sunday? Did I have to do? | I could not (couldn't) swim. He didn't have to go there. I might not leave on Sunday. I didn’t have to do. | |||
| The Future Indefinite Tense | |||||
| I shall be able to swim. He will have to go there. | Will you be able to swim? Will he have to go there? | I shall not be able to swim. He will not have to go there. | |||