EXERCISES
Повелительное предложение
Orders in indirect speech
Приказание в косвенной речи
Вопросительное предложение
Questions in indirect speech
Вопрос в косвенной речи
Повествовательное предложение
Examples of Direct and Indirect Speech
Примеры перевода из прямой речи в косвенную
| Прямая речь 1. He said: «I was at the theatre last night.» 2. She explained: «We shall go on an excursion tomorrow.» 3. Leo said: «You have been in Leningrad, so you can give me Ann's address.» | Косвенная речь 1. He said that he had been at the theatre the night before. 2. She explained that they would go on an excursion the following day. 3. Leo said that, as I had been in Leningrad, I could give him Ann's address. |
Наречия да и нет (yes и no) в косвенной речи передаются глаголами. Yes передается глаголами agree, answer in the affirmative, consent; no передается глаголами reject, refuse, deny, answer in the negative:
He said, «Yes, I shall give this book to you».
He consented (agreed) to give that book to me.
«No, I have no time,» she said.
She answered in the negative.
Когда в косвенной речи надо передать вопрос, употребляется прямой порядок слов, а не инверсия, обычная для английского вопросительного предложения.
Косвенный вопрос вводится или каким-нибудь соединительным местоимением, или наречием (what, which, who, when, where, why и т. д.), или союзами whether, if, которые равны по значению русской частице ли.
| Прямой вопрос 1. Не asked me: «Do you read English?» 2. She asked us: «Where will they go tomorrow?» 3. I asked them: «Did you see him last evening?» 4. The boy said: «Which way has my brother gone?» | Косвенный вопрос 1. He asked me whether I readEnglish or not. 2. She asked us where they would gothe following day. 3. I asked them if they had seenhim the previous evening. 4. The boy asked which way his brother had gone. |
При передаче просьбы или приказания в косвенной речи употребляется простое предложение с инфинитивной конструкцией после глаголов tell, ask, command, order, beg, requestи т. п.
| Прямая речь (просьба, приказание) 1. Mother shouted: «Come here at once». 2. She said: «Give mea spoon and a fork». 3. The officer commanded: «Stay where you are». 4. The secretary said: «Please, pass me the paper». 5. The teacher said to me: «Put the book on the table». | Косвенная речь 1. Mother ordered me to come to her at once. 2. She asked me to give hera spoon and a fork. 3. The officer commanded his men to stay where they were. 4. The secretary requested to pass her the paper. 5. The teacher told me to putthe book on the table. |
Exercise 1. Make the sentences indirect.
1. He said: «We've forgotten the balls!"
2. She said: "I shall be very glad to see you."
3. Alec asked me: «Have you ever seen this picture?"
4. Nelly said ''Yesterday I went to see Paul, but he was not at home.''
5. He said: «Who is this man? I don't know him."
6. I thought: «He is a very clever man; he can help
7. My brother said: «In two hours I shall have finished my work and then I sha11 go to the cinema." Then he asked me: "Will you go with me?"
8. The teacher said: "Open yоur books and begin reading the new lesson.''
9. The girl asked: «What is the price of this dress?"
10. I asked Sophy: ''Will you help me in my work?" Yes, I shall," she said.
Exercise 2. Make the sentences direct.
1. I found a cigar shop and remembered about the cigars. I told the seller I was going to Bayreuth, and wanted enough cigars for the journey. The man asked me which route I was going to take. I said I didn't know. He said he would recommend me to go by Zurich, and offered to sell me second class tickets. (M. Twain.)
2. A fox who had lost his tail called the other foxes together and standing with his back against a tree told them that the tail was of no use and should be cut off, and that if all agreed to do this no one could feel ashamed of having lost it. The tail, he said, was the source of all their dangers, for the fox was hunted for the sake of the tail, and not for the sake of its flesh or fur. An old fox thanked the speaker for his advice, but asked him to explain why he kept his back so firmly fixed against the tree and begged him to turn round and let them see what sort of a tail he had.
Exercise 3. Make the sentences indirect.
1. «Were you afraid?" asked the captain softly of the boy who lay on the deck. «What's the matter?" There was 106по answer. "Is there a doctor amongst you?" he asked the rescued men.
"What's the matter with the boy?» he asked when the doctor had examined the boy. "It'll be all right. A fine lad."
2. After a while Matt came back and Scott called White Fang into the house.
"I'm going away for ever, old boy,'' said Weedon Scott. "Give me a last good-bye growl."
White Fang did not growl, but he pushed his head between his master's arm and body.
"There is the steamer whistle," Said Matt, «You must hurry. Lock the front door behind уou. I will go out at the back."
"Take good care of him, Matt," said Scott. ''Write and let me know how he is."
Exercise 4. Choose the right translation.
1. Он попросил своего друга разбудить его в семь.
a) He asked his friend wake hum up at seven.
b) He told his friend to wake hum up at seven.
c) He asked his friend to wake hum up at seven.
2. Она попросила не будить ее.
a) She asked not to wake her up.
b) She asked to not wake her up.
c) She asked to wake not her up.
3. Они попросили ответить на письмо немедленно.
a) They said to answer the letters immediately.
b) They asked to answer the letters immediately.
They told answer the letters immediately.
4. Скажите им, чтобы они поторопились.
a) Tell them to hurry up.
b) Tell them hurry up.
c) Tell to them hurry up.
5. Скажите ему, чтобы он загорал только час в день.
a) Tell him sunbathe an hour a day only.
b) Tell to him sunbathe an hour a day only.
c) Tell him to sunbathe an hour a day only.
6. Скажите ему, чтобы он не ложился спать поздно.
a) Tell him to not go to bed late at night.
b) Tell him not to go to bed late at night.
c) Tell him to go not to bed late at night.