Use the word given in capitals to form a word that fits the gap in the sentence.

Complete the sentences with a necessary word from the box.

D) In pairs speak about different types of pollution, their sources and effects.

C) Read the text again and fill in the table below.

Example:

Air pollution is caused by industrial processes of discharging a wide range of pollutants such as organic acids, particles containing lead and other metals. It leads to health problems.

1) The volume of both industrial and domestic _____ has increased dramatically over the past fifty years.

2) Factories and plants _____ a wide range of pollutants such as organic acids, particles containing lead and other metals.

3) The air we breathe has become so filled with _____ that it can cause a lot of health problems.

4) Factories ____ their effluents directly into rivers, lakes and oceans.

5) Oil ____ the level of oxygen dissolvedin the water.

6) Together with domestic ____, especially detergents, and artificial fertilizers, it promotes overgrowth of bacteria and algae and disrupts the aquatic ecosystem.

7) Burying garbage in ____ can contaminate the soil with toxic products which then can enter the water supply.

8) Farmers who overuse _____ and _____ limit the ability of soil organisms to process wastes.

9) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) ____ ozone that blocks damaging ultraviolet light from the sun.

10) International treaties ____ the manufacture of CFCs and other ozone-depleting chemicals.

According to the draft law on spent fuel management, it is planned to build a centralized (1) _______STOREof spent nuclear fuel between Stara Krasnytsia village, Buriakivka village, Chystohalivka village, and Stechyanka village in Kyiv region, in the exclusion zone which was affected by radioactive (2) _______ CONTAMINATEas a result of the Chernobyl disaster. The project aims to provide for a temporary storage of spent nuclear fuel in the Chernobyl zone. At the same time, notwithstanding a phrase “temporary storage”, the Draft Law contains not a word on the future of the mentioned spent fuel.

“It is an (3) _________ RESPONSIBILITYapproach to solution of the problem induced by the nuclear power in Ukraine. In fact, it is proposed to allocate its solution to future generations with other officials, and nobody will be responsible for a decision taken on the long-term storage of highly radioactive nuclear materials”, says Arthur Denisenko, the Energy Program Coordinator at the National (4) _______ ECOLOGY Centre of Ukraine. A new nuclear facility will be created in the Chernobyl exclusion zone and become a part of the State Specialized Enterprise “Chernobyl NPP”, it means it will be subordinated to the Ministry of Emergencies of Ukraine. A similar situation occurred after the ChNPP shutdown. As long as the plant was functioning and generating (5) ________ ELECTRICAL, the profit was taken by the NPP’s operator (Energoatom). After the plant had been closed, it was transferred to assets of the Ministry of Emergencies of Ukraine which has neither experience, nor costs to maintain this facility. In much the same way the nuclear fuel used by operating NPPs will be “transferred” to assets of the Ministry of Emergencies of Ukraine, so the tax payers are supposed to pay for its storage.

At the same time, construction of the storage facility in the Chernobyl zone is (6) ________ DANGERfor residents of not only nearby areas. Firstly, in case of any accidents, residents of Chernihiv and Kyiv regions, as well as Belarus may suffer. The Dnieper river being a source of water for 70% of the Ukrainian population may be heavily affected. Secondly, the radioactive waste will be transported from all NPPs to the central storage facility by railroad passing by densely (7) _______ POPULATIONcities of Ukraine.

Thirdly, construction of the CSSNF will make the Chernobyl zone (8) ________ INHABIT for at least a century despite any funded revival of the “exclusion zone”. The NPP waste will remain radioactive for thousands of years, and it will need to be stored.

In view of this, the National Ecological Centre of Ukraine proposes to construct a storage of spent nuclear fuel nearby each NPP, as it was arranged in facilities of Zaporizhzhia NPP. It will allow to save on the storage infrastructure and resolve the problem of transportation of (9) ______ HAZARD substances. Moreover, Energoatom had considered this option with estimations, so this measure will not become much more expensive than (10) _______CREATEof the centralized storage.