Грамматические упражнения

Упражнение 1. Переведите следующие производные слова согласно схеме:

основа прилагательного + (i)ty = существительное

available – availability

capable (способный) – capability

capacious (объёмный) – capacity

conductive (проводящий) – conductivity

dense (плотный) – density

durable –durability

elastic – elasticity

permeable (проницаемый) – permeability

porous (пористый) – porosity

proper – property

Упражнение 2. Определите, к какой части речи относятся следующие слова, от каких слов они образованы и как переводятся:

Упражнение 3. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на сравнительный оборот the … the … .

1. The higher the temperature the more effect it has on the strength, creep and other properties of the plastic.

2. The larger the amount of aggregates in the concrete mix the less volume changes in the concrete due to shrinkage or temperature changes.

3. The more is the carbon contents of steel the stronger it is.

4. The more live load will be exerted on the structure the stronger it should be.

5. The higher temperatures the faster will be the creep.

Упражнение 4. Выделите главное и придаточное предложение в сложноподчинённых предложениях. Переведите их.

1. Steel and cement, which are the two most important building materials now, appeared in the nineteenth century.

2. The tensile strength of steel which means it does not lose its strength when it is under a calculated degree of tension is its important advantage.

3. As steel has great tensile strength and concrete has great strength under compression they complement each other.

4. The means Romans used sometimes to strengthen their buildings were iron rods.

5. The natural cement Romans used was made from volcanic ash.

6. Good results depend upon the materials the builder selects and upon how he uses them.

7. Each material a builder uses must function well over a long time.

8. After the decision (решение) to design the building project is made the designer makes plans which consist of drawings.