Time-tested FDA-approved Fillers
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Text F. More Ways to Rejuvenate Your Face
Write down the underlined words and explain their meaning in English.
1). List of FDA-approved soft tissue fillers continues to grow
For years, two injectable soft tissue fillers—bovine (cattle) collagen and one’s own fat—have been used to safely diminish wrinkles and give the face a more youthful appearance. While effective, the demand for fillers that offer longer-lasting results and require fewer office visits continues to spur research. A breakthrough came earlier this year when the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved two products containing human-based collagen. You may soon see more FDA-approved fillers as several injectable fillers are undergoing or have recently completed clinical trials in the United States.
Unlike the much-publicized botulinum toxin injections that work by relaxing muscles, these injections fill or “plump up” your skin. Injectable soft tissue fillers are used to improve the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, fill out hollow cheeks due to lipoatrophy, improve scars, elevate deep folds and repair other facial imperfections. While no one filler suits every purpose, all are designed to produce a smoother, more youthful appearance with minimal downtime and maximum safety. Results are, or close to, immediate; however, it may take more than one treatment to achieve the desired effect. The length of time that you can expect the results to last varies. Here’s the lowdown:
bovine - бычий
cattle – крупный рогатый скот
2. Explain in English the meaning of the word “filler”.
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Two time-tested FDA-approved fillers that have been successfully used for years in the United States are:
· Purified bovine collagen
· Self-donated body fat
The best-known filler is purified bovine collagen, which dermatologists have been using for more than 21 years. Bovine collagen is used to successfully fill fine lines around the eyes, deep lines that run from the nose to the corners of the lips as well as plump up lips and acne scars. A series of injections is usually given to achieve the desired “filling out” effect, with each treatment session lasting about 10 to 30 minutes. Results are seen almost immediately.
While effective, the results only last for three to 12 months. Durationdepends on the area that is filled, the amount of collagen injected and the condition of the filled skin.
Potential side effects include an allergic reaction and an outbreak of cold sores if you have had cold sores in the past. You may also see some redness, swelling or bruising around the injection site, which usually disappears in a few days.
Due to the chance of developing an allergic reaction, your dermatologist may require you to take two allergy tests prior to receiving the first treatment. If you show an allergic reaction, this treatment method cannot be used. Even if you do not develop an allergic reaction during the testing, you can still develop an allergic reaction—even months or years later when you receive a follow-up injection.
Self-donated body fat is another treatment that has been used successfully for years, and since the patient’s own body fat is used, allergy testing is not required. During this procedure, your own fat is transferred from a part of your body that can spare fat to an area that has lost its fat cushion in the aging process. Deep creases around the nose and mouth are filled this way. Self-donated body fat is also used to replace fat pads in the cheeks and to fill scars. Follow-up visits may be needed to achieve the desired effects. Results typically last about one to three years, except in scars where the results tend to last longer.
Although potential side effects are rare, lumps and bumps can develop in areas such as the lips and around the eyes, where little body fat naturally occurs.