Перевод повелительных предложений в косвенную речь.
Перевод вопросительных предложений в косвенную речь
At that moment (time)
In + месяц
On + день недели
On + дата
At + точный период времени
He said that he measured the pressure in May.
5. Правило Согласования времен действует, если в придаточном предложении употребляются такие слова как ago/ yesterday/ last year(Past Indefinite → в Past Perfect)
He said that he had done the project 2 years before.
1. Порядок слов вопросительного предложения заменяется порядком слов повествовательного предложения (прямой порядок слов: подлежащие, сказуемое и т.д.)
2. Общие вопросы вводятся союзами if, whether – или.
3. Специальные вопросы вводятся тем вопросительным словом, с которого начинался вопрос в прямой речи.
4. При переводе кратких ответов (Yes/ No) на общие вопросы в косвенную речь, слова «Yes» и «No» опускаются.
| Прямая речь | Косвенная речь |
| He asked, “Do you know this kind of material?” She answered: “Yes, I do.” | He asked me whether (if) I would be there the next day. She answered that she did. |
1. Побудительные предложения вводится инфинитивом с частицей to.
2. Отрицательная форма повелительного наклонения заменяется конструкцией: not+to+infinitive.
| Прямая речь | Косвенная речь |
| Open the window! – she said. Don’t open the window! – she said. | She asked to open the window. She asked not to open the window. |
Задание 1. Заполните таблицу в соответствии с предложенной моделью.
| He says that… | He said that… | |
| 1) They'll never know about testing a device. | ||
| 2) Machines of many types have their operation controlled by a computer. | ||
| 3) I asked her twice before using these materials. yesterday. | ||
| 4) They've seen him in the laboratory today. | ||
| 5) We lack the information to continue the test. investigations. | ||
| 6) Tom knows more about transistors. | ||
| 7) He happened to see these semiconductors. | ||
| 8) My father could tell you more about it. | ||
| 9) He'll have finished working by noon. | ||
| 10) They were searching for a new device. |
Задание 2. Найдите соответствующую замену выделенных слов согласно правилу согласования времен.
| 1) "We had an informative conference yesterday." 2) "They are unbelievably happy now." 3) "Last week I saw Jim. He has changed greatly." 4) "I'm sorry but Mr. Jones is busy at the moment." 5) "I thought he'd visited the lab this month." 6) "Last year we were in Brooklyn." 7) "Todaywe are going to speak about this debatable question." 8) "I'm not sure if I will come tomorrow." 9) "She worked here last night." 10) "They promise the good weather forecast for tomorrow." | a) then b) the day before c) the night before d) the week before e) the previous year f) at that moment g) that day h) the following day i) the day after j) that month |
Задание 3. Преобразуйте следующие вопросительные предложения в предложения с косвенной речью, начинающихся с данных фраз.
1. “Can you explain the significance of the modern heat systems?”
The boy asked...
2. “Where was this device made?”
She asked him…
3. “How much did M.Curie measure the atomic weight of radium?”
He wanted to know…
4. “Is the chemical reaction still going on?”
She asked him…
5. “Do the structural changes produce a marked effect?”
She asked…
6. “Is the energy transformed into heat within the conductor?”
He wanted to know…
Задание 4. Заполните пропуски в предложениях, выбрав правильный вариант.
1. I was told that the receiving station operation ___ greatly influenced by various factors.
a. be b. was c. is
2. Yesterday Tom heard that during the last several years some attempts ___ to classify the elementary particles.
a. had been made b. is made c. was made
3. He was sure that in the nearest future much of the data in various areas of physics ___ analyzed quite well.
a. will b. would be c. be would been
4. He read about the device which ___ a great deal of publicity.
a. receives b. received c. had received
5. Ann has been informed that her method ___ discussed next time.
a. is not b. wouldn’t be c. won’t be
Задание 5. Раскройте скобки, поставив глагол в правильную форму.
1. At ten o’clock he telephoned again, saying that he ___ (to change) his method and that he ___ (to invent) another one. 2. I knew that for the past twenty-five years he ___ (to use) the same device. 3. Indeed it was known that the head engineer ___ (to receive) the paper in time. 4. It was probably true that he ___(to be) interested in the latest inventions. 5. But he was uneasy. His friend would easily find out that he ___(to use) the oscillator without him. 6. It was not known where he ___ (to apply) to get the new equipment for the laboratory. 7. They wanted to prove that if the metal ___ (to heat) the electrons ___ (to move) faster. 8. It was surprising that the cathode rays ___ (to penetrate) this material. 9. It was unlikely that they ___ (to use) this alloy. 10. They decided that they ___ (to buy) several types of radio sets.
Задание 6. Переведите следующие предложения с русского языка на английский язык.
1. Он мне говорил, что интересуется электроникой. 2. Он знал, о чем эта теория. 3. Он сказал, что эти устройства нельзя больше использовать. 4. Я знал, что он передаст ей эти данные как можно скорее. 5. Я знал, что они исследовали данную тему уже две недели. 6. Она мне не сказала, что говорила с ними о покупке нового и современного оборудования. 7. Они знали, что он уже измерил сопротивление. 8. Ассистенты были уверены, что амперметр показывает правильные данные. 9. Он не мог поверить, что его гипотеза верна.