My future profession
Discussion.
Exercise 5.Chose the antonyms to the words from the column A.
Exercise 4.Put 5 questions on the text
Exercise 3. Answer the questions.
Exercise 2.Vocabulary. Learn by heart the following words
1.education образование
2.language язык
3.shop магазин
4.primary начальный
5.entrance вступительный
6.to enter поступать
7.subject предмет
8.higher education высшее образование
9.secondary education среднее образование
10.to attend посещать
11.term семестр
12.to pass an examination сдать экзамены
13.to fail examination провалить экзамены
14.generation поколение
15.foreign иностранный
1. When was your Institute established?
2. What is the most popular faculty in your Institute?
3. How many people are currently enrolled?
| А. 1. to complete 2. after 3. to leave 4. to pass an examination 5.to ask 6. much 7. tomorrow 8. here 9. to graduate (from) 10. evening 11. to receive 12. south | Б. 1. to return 2. to fail in an examination 3. to begin 4. before 5. yesterday 6. little 7. to answer 8. to enter 9. morning 10. there 11. bad 12. north |
Exercise 6.Think of some questions for the following answers. The answers needn't be true.
| 1. Almost all the students. 2. Between you and me. 3. During the lecture. 4. Either today or tomorrow 5. Very difficult | 6. Foreign 7. My friends 8. I don't think so. 9. In the institute. 10. Never. |
Now you begin an institute course of English. It is very important to know what you think about it. Is it necessary for a future engineer to study a foreign language?
a) Read pros and cons given below. Think of some more which are important in your opinion.
| For | Against |
| 1. I can read scientific journals in English as soon as they are published 2. I can speak to foreign colleagues if necessary. 3. I can read English books. 4. I can find out more about the world. | 1. It takes a lot of time to learn a foreign language. 2. It is impossible to learn a foreign language. 3. I can read interesting articles when they are translated into Russian. 4. I think it is very difficult to learn a foreign language. |
a) Discuss the problem in groups of 3-5 students. You may find the following expressions helpful:
I think ...
Speaking for myself...
I suppose...
I'm sure ...
In my opinion ...
1. Read and translate the text:
Housing and capital construction is being carried out on a large scale in our country. That is why the building profession attracts many young men and women nowadays. There are many institutes in our country, which train civil and industrial engineers whose profession embraces many fields. A civil engineer constructs and reconstructs residential and industrial buildings, bridges, schools, palaces, museums, theatres, kindergartens and hospitals, power stations, dams, reservoirs and irrigation systems.
Engineers must have a scientific altitude, imagination, initiative and good judgements, obtained by experience and serious work.
They must know mathematics as well as physics and strength of materials. A qualified building worker must be able to read technical drawing. Civil engineers and architects must have some knowledge of sculpture, painting, design and mechanical engineering, geography, city planning, etc.
The successful fulfillment of housing plans in our country is a practical realization of industrialized building method. Nowadays houses are ambled from prefabricated units, which are delivered to the construction site.
Students of building institutes study these new building methods as well as building materials and their use. Students have field courses do practical before graduation. They learn the trade of builder, master professional skills and understand industrial management. They deal with building in warn and humid climates. Outstanding specialists teach them how to build at permafrost, at sea, how to protect buildings from earthquakes, how to preserve environment.
Civil engineers and architects have the main aim - to provide people with all modern conveniences, such as running water, gas, electricity, central heating and so on.
They must create attractive structures. An engineer is engaged to prepare the plan and specifications and usually to supervise the construction of the project. It is the duty of an engineer to design the project, which will most nearly satisfy the needs of the occupants at the lowest practical cost. Civil engineers must not only help to fulfil construction programs but to carry out scientific and research work, to improve building materials and methods.
So as I have been studing in the building institute now, I have to learn various subjects connected with professions of engineers and architects: architectural projecting, drawing geometry, painting, math and so on.
I am fond of art. It is very difficult to say what art is. It has been differently characterized in every epoch of history.
The word art comes from a Latin term meaning ‘skill, way or method’. In ancient times and during the Middle Ages all kinds of trades and professions were known as arts. The liberal arts of the medieval curriculum included music, but neither painting, sculpture, nor architecture, which were numbered among the mechanical arts. Only beginning with the fifteenth century, the term art has taken on as its principle characteristic the requirement of aesthetic appreciation as distinguished from utility.
The word aesthetic arises from a Greek term for ‘perceive’. What perceived aesthetically is ‘beauty’. The ability to embrace human experience and transmit it to the observer distinguishes the work of art. We admire the works of art without knowing anything of their purpose, standing as we do at a totally different moment of history.
There are many works of prehistoric art – like the animals on cave walls and ceiling. We enjoy the works of art that came down to us; the most wonderful are the Seven Wonders of the World, the Old Masters’ works, the Impressionists.
I want to study the works of art of the outstanding painters, sculptors and architects to understand their power over people.
2. Answer these questions and add information to the given text:
1. Explain why you entered architectural faculty?
2. Which is your favorite academic subject and why?
3. What means “scientific work” in the institute?
4. How do you think if your going in for scientific work during studying helps in future? Give the reason.
5. What subjects can help you to obtain skills?
6. What kind of practical experiment during classes will be useful for your profession?
7. What kind of architecture are you interested in: design of interiors, reconstruction of ancient buildings, research work in using of new architectural forms or building materials, city planning, design of landscape or anything else?
8. Where do you prefer to work after graduating from the institute: in the institute, on the building site, in the projecting institute, at the firm?
3. Find English equivalents to the Russian words:
a scale навык
to attract ощущать
to train иметь дело
to embrace создавать
residential жилец
a bridge цель
a kindergarten вечная мерзлота
a power station оросительная система
a dam пещера
a reservoir требование
an irrigation system детский сад
altitude наблюдатель, зритель
imagination власть
initiative термин
judgement способность
to obtain совершенствоваться
experience цель
fulfillment инициатива
to be ambled охватывать
to deliver спецификация
trade дамба
to master доставлять
management суждение
to deal with защищать
humid жилой
to protect передавать
earthquake стремление
to preserve восхищаться
aim почти
to provide with подготавливать
to be engaged соответствовать
to prepare отличать
specification выполнение
to supervise возникать
to satisfy сохранять
nearly профессия
an occupant хранилище
to fulfil приобретать
to carry out обучать
to improve выполнять
a term воображение
skill мост
to be numbered составлять
requirement электростанция
aesthetic опытный
to arise привлекать
perceive влажный
ability руководство
to transmit осуществлять
observer масштаб
to distinguish обеспечивать
to admire улучшать
purpose эстетичный
prehistoric землетрясение
a cave быть занятым
to enjoy осуществлять контроль
power наслаждаться
permafrost доисторический
to create перечислять
4. Find synonyms to the following words: навык (опыт), цель, профессия, обучать, совершенствовать (улучшать).Compose some sentences on the to picof the text using the se words.
5. Define which field of mankind’s activity these word combinations belong to:
| Construction | Education | Art | Epoch-country |
Strength of materials, a qualified building worker, technical drawing, mechanical engineering, city planning, housing plan, prefabricated unit, construction site, field course, graduation, professional skill, modern conveniences, running water, electricity, central heating, attractive structure, to design the project, lowest practical cost, construction program, building materials, building methods, architectural projecting, drawing geometry, painting, Middle Ages, liberal art, medieval, curriculum, architecture, century, aesthetic appreciation, utility, Greek, beauty, human experience, Seven Wonders, the Old Masters’ works, the Impressionists.
6. Prove these statements using information from the text and additional one:
1) Housing and capital construction is being carried out on a large scale in our country (Why? In what manner?). 2) Civil engineers and architects must have knowledge of some science and art (What kind of knowledge? What for?). 3) Students of building institute study new building methods, materials and their use (What peculiarities of the builder’s trade?). 4) Civil engineers and architects must create attractive structures with all modern conveniences (What kind? What are differences between these two trades?).