Electrical System

II. Read about the lubrication system and describe it using the diagram.

The lubrication system delivers oil to the moving parts of the engine. As the oil circulates through passages in the engine it spreads a film on the parts. Lubrication reduces friction and so minimizes engine wear. The oil also helps to cool the engine. Oil is stored in a pan under the engine. A pump circulates oil from the pan through a filter and then through lines to the engine. This filter prevents impurities from entering the engine.

Notes:

lubrication system, n.–система смазки

film, n.–пленка

friction, n.–трение

pump, n.–насос

oil gauge, n. – масляной манометр

rocker shaft, n. – ось клапанного коромысла

crankshaft, n. – коленчатый вал

drive shaft, n. – ведущий вал

impurities, n. – грязь, примеси

camshaft, n.–распределительный вал, кулачковый вал

timing chain, n. – цепь механизма газораспределения

tensioner, n. – натяжное устройство

push rod, n. – толкатель;

tappet, n. – толкатель клапана, кулачок

rocker arm, n. – качающийся рычаг

III. Read the text “Electrical System” and say what it is used for.

Every vehicle needs electricity to provide current for lights and other electrical equipment and to supply the necessary power for the ignition system. The electrical system is equipment in a car which provides electricity to start the engine, ignite the fuel, operate the lights, windscreen wipers, heater and air conditioner.

One of the most important components of an electrical system is the battery. The electrical system starts and stops with the battery. While the vehicle is operating the electrical system is energized and recharged by the alternator that is powered by the engine. When troubleshooting an electrical problem start with the battery. By using a volt meter determine if the battery has enough voltage to operate the electrical system.

There are dozens of electrical components related to the electrical system, most include one or more of the following: alternator, battery, fuse, switch, relay, computer PCM, fusible link, wire, and electrical connectors. Each vehicle has several fuses that are necessary to safe guard electrical circuits.

Notes:

fuse, n. – плавкий предохранитель fusible link, n. – плавкое соединение

PCM (Pulse Code Modulation), n. – импульсно-кодовая модуляция сигнала

troubleshooting, n. – выявление неисправностей

power seat, n.–сиденье с электрическим приводом регулировки

blower motor, n.– моторвентилятора

wiper motor, n.–электродвигатель стеклоочистителя

power window, n.– окно с сервоприводом стекла

idle speed controller, n. – регулятор управления холостым ходом

flasher relay, n. – прерыватель указателей поворота и аварийной сигнализации

IV. Scan the text “Ignition System” to find answers to these questions.

1. What does the ignition system depend on?

2. Where is it located?

3. What process is called combustion?

4. What does the ignition system consist of?