Учебное пособие: Контрольная работа по английскому языку
КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 1
Для студентов 1 курса, обучающихся по специальности
«ПСИХОЛОГИЯ»
ВАРИАНТ 1
1. Перепишите предложения, определите функцию окончания –s, переведите предложения на родной язык:
1. Luria’s 300 scientific works have been translated into English.
2. Psychology as a science studies mental activity and human behaviour.
3. Psychologists mostly agree that hereditary factors explain the lion’s share of IQ differences.
4. Some people have good memories, and can learn easily long poem by heart.
5. The preschooler’s task is to develop initiative.
2. Перепишите предложения, употребляя местоимение в нужной форме. Переведите предложения на родной язык:
1. What colour is the shirt? I do not see _____ (it) colour.
2. He is a friend of ________ (we).
3. Give _______ (they) to ________ (she).
4. The newcomers built the houses ________ ( they).
5. Why are ________ (you) sitting here?
3. Перепишите предложения. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на степени сравнения прилагательных:
1. Our University is the finest country’s educational establishment.
2. More and more patients came to see Freud.
3. Patients reported feeling “better than well”.
4. The more interesting the book is, the faster you read it.
5. I earn as much money as he does.
4. Перепишите предложения, определите в каждом из них
видовременную форму сказуемого. Письменно переведите предложения на родной язык.
1. He applies the new method for his investigation.
2. The students are watching the animals’ behaviour at the moment.
3. The scientist obtained interesting data.
4. We have not analyzed the results of his last experiment yet.
5. What were you doing in the laboratory when the instructor came?
5. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст:
Ernst Weber
Ernst Weber was born in Wittemberg, Germany, the third of 13 children. He received his doctorate from the University of Leipzig in 1815, in phycology. He began teaching there after graduation, and continued until he retired in 1871.
His research focused on the senses of touch and kinesthesia. He was the first to show the existence of kinesthesia, and showed that touch was a complex sense composed of senses for pressure, temperature and pain.
His chosen interests led him to certain techniques: first, there is the two-point threshold which is a matter of measuring the smallest distance noticeable to touch at various parts of the body. For example, the tongue had the smallest threshold (1 mm), and the back had the largest (60 mm).
This is known as Weber’s Law, and is the first such “law” relating a physical stimulus with a mental experience.
Ernst Weber also named and studied discipline psychophysics, which he defined as the study of the systematic relationships between physical events and mental events. In 1860 he published The Elements of Psychophysics. In this work Weber showed that psychological events are tired to measurable physical events in a systematic way, which everyone at that time thought impossible.
Kinesthesia - кинестезия
Two-point threshold - пороговая величина между двумя точками
КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 1
Для студентов 1 курса, обучающихся по специальности
«ПСИХОЛОГИЯ»
ВАРИАНТ 2
1. Перепишите предложения, определите функцию окончания –s, переведите предложения на родной язык:
1. Luria’s first translated work was “Nature of Human Conflicts”.
2. Psychologists study basic functions such as learning, memory, language, thinking, emotions, and motives.
3. Experimental psychologist conducts research.
4. He does his best to help workers overcome stress situations.
5. Any firm in this country is motivated by the consideration of Man’s well-being.
2. Перепишите предложения, употребляя местоимение в нужной форме. Переведите предложения на родной язык:
1. They seldom drive to _________ (they) office.
2. Give the books to ________ (she).
3. (They) work is more difficult than ___________ (we).
4. He has injured ___________ (he).
5. The clock has stopped. Something is wrong with _______ (it).
3. Перепишите предложения. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на степени сравнения прилагательных:
1. Great Britain is the largest of the British Isles.
2. One of the most important thing Freud discovered was “Oedipus complex”.
3. I spent as much money as he did.
4. The later you come, the less you will sleep.
5. The boss likes my plan the best.
4. Перепишите предложения, определите в каждом из них
видовременную форму сказуемого. Письменно переведите предложения на родной язык
1. He gradually achieved good progress in his studies.
2. The students are reading the data of the device now.
3. They have already made the experiment.
4. What will she do next year?
5. They had discussed the report by the time I came.
5. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст:
Wilhelm Max Wundt
Wilhelm Max Wundt, German psychologist, the founder of scientific psychology as an independent discipline. Born in Neckarau, he was educated at the universitis of Tubingen and Heidelberg and at the Institute of Physiology in Berlin. After teaching physiology at the University of Heidelberg (1858-1874), he taught philosophy at the University of Zurich (1874-1875) and was Professor of Philosophy at the University of Leipzig from 1875 to 1917.
Wundt offered the first academic course in psychology in 1862 and established the first laboratory for experimental psychology in 1879. He founded the first psychological journal, Philosophische Studien (Studies in Philosophy), in 1881.
Wundt promoted what is known as structuralist psychology, focusing on observations of the conscious mind rather than inference. Wundt also carried out extensive experimental research on perception, feeling, and apperception (a phase of perception where there is full recognition of what has been perceived). His more than 500 published works include Principles of Physiological Psychology and the monumental work Elements of Folk Psychology. He also wrote Logik, Ethik, and System der Philosophie.
КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 1
Для студентов 1 курса, обучающихся по специальности
«ПСИХОЛОГИЯ»
ВАРИАНТ 3
1. Перепишите предложения, определите функцию окончания –s, переведите предложения на родной язык:
1. Luria’s psychology concentrates on the development of mental capacities through learning.
2. Psychology occupies a strategic position between natural and social sciences.
3. Developmental psychologist studies changes in behaviour with age.
4. Adults want stable jobs, saving accounts and insurance.
5. People’s characters are formed in different ways.
2. Перепишите предложения, употребляя местоимение в нужной форме. Переведите предложения на родной язык
1. Look at ______ (I) new watch. Do _______ (you) like _________ (it)?
2. This tape recorder of ___________ (she) is always out of order.
3. ________(we) is the last turn.
4. During the breaks they amused ________ (they) in the bar.
5. Ask ________ (she) about this book.
3. Перепишите предложения. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на степени сравнения прилагательных:
1. The forebrain is further subdivided into the thalamus and hypothalamus.
2. Higher doses produce a turning inward and sleep.
3. The heaviest use of consumer psychology occurs in business and industry.
4. Some children learn two languages almost as easily as one.
5. The more you study the cleverer you will become.
4. Перепишите предложения, определите в каждом из них
видовременную форму сказуемого. Письменно переведите предложения на родной язык
1. The scientist uses testing in his research.
2. They will try to solve this important problem at the next meeting.
3. The lecturer described a new method in detail.
4. They have just spoken to the leading psychologist.
5. The scientists had carried out many experiments before they achieved satisfactory results.
5. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст:
Alfred Binet
Alfred Binet, French psychologiest known for his achievement in developing a standard intelligence test.
Binet was born on July 11, 1857, in Nice. He was educated at the Sorbonne, where he studied law. However, he decided to continue his studies in medicine and psychology. In 1889, at the Sorbonne, he helped to found the first psychological research laboratory in France. As director of the laboratory, Binet tried to develop experimental techniques to measure intelligence and reasoning ability. In 1895, he founded the first French psychological journal, L’Annee Psychologique (The Psychological Year), and used it to publish the results of his research studies.
Binet’s most important work was in intelligence testing. With his colleague, psychologists Theodore Simon, he developed a test to measure the mental ability of children. The Binet-Simon Scale first appeared in 1905. It was made up of problems designed to measure general intelligence, and items were graded according to age level. The child’s score, based on the number of correct answers, showed the child’s mental age.
Biten died in Paris on October 18, 1911. His work on intelligence measurement remained important among psychologists in other countries. The Standford-Binet Scale, an adaptation of Binet’s original test, was widely used for many years in the United States, where great importance was paid to intelligence testing.
КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 1
Для студентов 1 курса, обучающихся по специальности
«ПСИХОЛОГИЯ»
ВАРИАНТ 4
1. Перепишите предложения, определите функцию окончания –s, переведите предложения на родной язык:
1. The correct organization of a child’s learning leads to mental development.
2. Psychology occupies a strategic position between sciences and humanities.
3. Many psychologists believe that there are many kinds of memory.
4. By “behaviour” psychologists mean everything that people and animals do.
5. The child’s knowledge influences the structure of his intellectual processes.
2. Перепишите предложения, употребляя местоимение в нужной форме. Переведите предложения на родной язык
1. Do you like _________ (you) new car? Oh, _________ (it) has never let me down yet.
2. _______ (they) knowledge of English is better than ________ (we).
3. What is _______ (you) dog’s name? - _________ (It) name is Queen.
4. He cut _________ (he) shaving in the morning.
5. The best plan is _________ (we).
3. Перепишите предложения. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на степени сравнения прилагательных:
1. Research in parapsychology is less clear.
2. There are fewer specialists in the sphere of parapsychology.
3. He does his best to help workers overcome stress situations.
4. The sooner he takes the medicine the better he will feel.
5. I like psychology as much as you do.
4. Перепишите предложения, определите в каждом из них видо-временную форму сказуемого. Письменно переведите предложения на родной язык
1. They have recently demonstrated their method.
2. The researcher was presenting the results of his investigation when we entered the room.
3. Are you making an experiment now?
4. The teacher always gives instructions to her students.
5. By the end of the year he had finished his research.
5. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст:
William James
William James (1842-1910) is an American psychologist, who developed the philosophy of pragmatism. James was born in New York on January 11, 1842. His father, Henry James, was a theologian. William James attended private schools in the Unit4ed States and Europe, the Lawrence Scientific School at Harvard University, and the Harvard Medical School, from which he received a degree in 1869. Before finishing his medical studies, he went on an exploring expedition in Brazil and also studied psychology in Germany. After three years of retirement due to illness, James became an instructor in physiology at Harvard in 1872. After 1880 he taught psychology and philosophy at Harvard; he left Harvard in 1907 and gave highly successful lectures at Columbia University and the University of Oxford.
James’s first book, the monumental Principles of Psychology (1890), established him as one of the most influential thinkers of his time. The work was devoted to the principle of functionalism in psychology, thus removing psychology from its traditional place as a branch of philosophy and establishing it among the laboratory sciences based on experimental methods.
In the next decade James applied his methods iof investigation to philosophical and religious issues. He explored the questions of the existence of God, the immortality of the soul, free will, and ethical values by referring to human religious and moral experience. His views on these subjects were presented in the lectures and essays published in such books as The Will to Believe and Other Essays in Popular Philosophy (1897), Human Immortality (1898) and The Varieties of Religious Experience (1902).
James died in New Hampshire, on August 26, 1910.
КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 1
Для студентов 1 курса, обучающихся по специальности
«ПСИХОЛОГИЯ»
ВАРИАНТ 5
1. Перепишите предложения, определите функцию окончания –s, переведите предложения на родной язык:
1. Luria’s team discovered that new structure of cognitive activity appeared.
2. Psychology studies mental activity and human behaviour.
3. Psychology dates back to the earliest speculations about the relationships of man with his environment.
4. Plato recognized two classes of phenomena : things and ideas.
5. Maslow’s theory begins with physiological needs.
2. Перепишите предложения, употребляя местоимение в нужной форме. Переведите предложения на родной язык
1. ________ (he) house is opposite __________ (we).
2. They excused _______ (they) for ________ (they) strange behaviour.
3. There ___________ (I) meet _________ (I) friends.
4. _________ (we) always rely on _________ (he).
5. This man works at __________ (we) office.
3. Перепишите предложения. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на степени сравнения прилагательных:
1. It is better to learn foreign words in sentences, not by themselves.
2. Men are more sensitive than women and less tolerant to distress, heat, cold, hunger and unpleasant situations at work.
3. The more you travel the globe studying the language of the human body the more optimistic you become.
4. The highest risk category consists of introverts.
5. The average child today is as bright as the ner genius yesterday.
4. Перепишите предложения, определите в каждом из них видо-временную форму сказуемого. Письменно переведите предложения на родной язык
1. By the end of the next year the scientist will have finished his research.
2. I apply his method for my experiments.
3. Are you comparing data of the tests?
4. They had solved this difficult problem when I offered my help.
5. This scientist made a great contribution to developing science.
5. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст:
Jean-Martin Charcot
Jean-Martin Charcot was born in Paris on November 29, 1825. He received his Master’s degree at the University of Paris in 1853. In 1860 he became a professor at his alma mater. Two years later, he began to work at the hospital as well. In 1882, he opened a neurological clinic and became known throughout Europe. Students came from everywhere to study the new field. Among them were Alfred Binet and a young Sigmund Freud.
Charcot is well-known in medical circles for his studies of the neurology of motor disorders, resulting diseases and localization of brain functions. He is considered the father of modern neurology.
In psychology, he is best known for his use of hypnosis to successfully treating women suffering from the psychological disorder then known as hysteria.
Charcot believed that hysteria was due to a congenitally weak nervous system, combined with the effects of some traumatic experience. Hypnotizing these patients brought on a state similar to hysteria itself. He found that, in some cases, the symptoms would actually lessen after hypnosis, although he was only interested in studying hysteria, not in curing it. Others would later use hypnosis as a part of curing the problem.
Charcot died in France, on August 16, 1893.
Congenitally - врожденно