3 o THE GROUNDWORK OF SCIENCE

different kinds and modes of crystallization sometimes

growing so as to become inextricably mixed, each of them

preserving its own individuality and growing according to

its own laws. This science is closely allied to, or rather a

part of, Mineralogy, a knowledge of which leads to, and is

a necessary part of, the study of the crust of the earth and

the strata which compose it, which are dealt with by

Geology ; while Meteorology concerns itself with the move-

ments which take place in the earth's atmosphere, and all

forms of storms, and the varying direction of currents, and

all that concerns storms of all kinds. But these, with the

flow of rivers and the action of tides, the descent and

upheaval of parts of the earth's crust with earthquakes

and volcanoes, also come within the purview of Geography

and Geology, which latter is again largely indebted to the

science of organic remains (Pal&ontology) for its knowledge

of the relations of the superimposed layers of rocks which

clothe our globe externally, revealed, as they often are, by

the kinds of fossils they contain.

But the phenomena of tides, of dawn and sunset, of the

year's seasons, with their shortening and lengthening days,

and, above all, of eclipses, force us to pursue the science of

the earth's celestial sisters, Astronomy, which, in turn, has

a distinct bearing on the possibilities of that inexplicable

energy with which the sciences which remain to be

enumerated are concerned namely, life.

Our reference to Paleontology has, indeed, already borne

some reference to that energy, since fossil remains are relics

of bodies which once had life.

The two great groups of living things, plants and animals,

were long supposed to be so widely separated that each

was treated of by a separate science only. Now, however,

so many deep resemblances are known to exist between them

that we have been forced to treat with them together as one

different kinds and modes of crystallization sometimes

growing so as to become inextricably mixed, each of them

preserving its own individuality and growing according to

its own laws. This science is closely allied to, or rather a

part of, Mineralogy, a knowledge of which leads to, and is

a necessary part of, the study of the crust of the earth and

the strata which compose it, which are dealt with by

Geology ; while Meteorology concerns itself with the move-

ments which take place in the earth's atmosphere, and all

forms of storms, and the varying direction of currents, and

all that concerns storms of all kinds. But these, with the

flow of rivers and the action of tides, the descent and

upheaval of parts of the earth's crust with earthquakes

and volcanoes, also come within the purview of Geography

and Geology, which latter is again largely indebted to the

science of organic remains (Pal&ontology) for its knowledge

of the relations of the superimposed layers of rocks which

clothe our globe externally, revealed, as they often are, by

the kinds of fossils they contain.

But the phenomena of tides, of dawn and sunset, of the

year's seasons, with their shortening and lengthening days,

and, above all, of eclipses, force us to pursue the science of

the earth's celestial sisters, Astronomy, which, in turn, has

a distinct bearing on the possibilities of that inexplicable

energy with which the sciences which remain to be

enumerated are concerned namely, life.

Our reference to Paleontology has, indeed, already borne

some reference to that energy, since fossil remains are relics

of bodies which once had life.

The two great groups of living things, plants and animals,

were long supposed to be so widely separated that each

was treated of by a separate science only. Now, however,

so many deep resemblances are known to exist between them

that we have been forced to treat with them together as one