8o THE GROUNDWORK OF SCIENCE
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relations to the rest of the universe. The antithesis, there-
fore, is between the extended under "some" conditions,
and the extended under " other " conditions, and, thus cor-
rected, the assertion is plainly erroneous.
We have only known the sun in so far as it is above the
horizon. But that does not prevent our being certain that
we could, were we supplied with certain helps, also see it
on the opposite side of the heavens.
That objection to the reality of qualities only known to
us through one sense one relation which is grounded on
the assertion that to affirm the reality of such qualities
apart from that relation is " more than unwarranted " is
itself " more than unwarranted."
For we always have more than one source of information
about the qualities of things. We have (i) our sensitive
faculty, which informs us of the subjective results of such
qualities, and we have (2) the intellect, which assures us
that our sensation has, under normal conditions, a real
objective cause.
That extension cannot be presented in thought, or thought
of except as possessing secondary qualities, we altogether
deny, though, as we have already affirmed, it cannot be
imagined without them.
The former assertion is manifestly false. For though
we cannot think of our extended body except by the aid
of sensuous images, into which imaginations of secondary
qualities enter, nevertheless, thus aided, we can think of
such things as devoid of secondary qualities. If we could
not do so we should not be able even to discuss the question
whether the extended can or cannot exist without such
secondary qualities, nor could we have declared, as we have
done, that it is not evident to us either that they can or
that they cannot do so, and that an open mind is to be
maintained there anent.
relations to the rest of the universe. The antithesis, there-
fore, is between the extended under "some" conditions,
and the extended under " other " conditions, and, thus cor-
rected, the assertion is plainly erroneous.
We have only known the sun in so far as it is above the
horizon. But that does not prevent our being certain that
we could, were we supplied with certain helps, also see it
on the opposite side of the heavens.
That objection to the reality of qualities only known to
us through one sense one relation which is grounded on
the assertion that to affirm the reality of such qualities
apart from that relation is " more than unwarranted " is
itself " more than unwarranted."
For we always have more than one source of information
about the qualities of things. We have (i) our sensitive
faculty, which informs us of the subjective results of such
qualities, and we have (2) the intellect, which assures us
that our sensation has, under normal conditions, a real
objective cause.
That extension cannot be presented in thought, or thought
of except as possessing secondary qualities, we altogether
deny, though, as we have already affirmed, it cannot be
imagined without them.
The former assertion is manifestly false. For though
we cannot think of our extended body except by the aid
of sensuous images, into which imaginations of secondary
qualities enter, nevertheless, thus aided, we can think of
such things as devoid of secondary qualities. If we could
not do so we should not be able even to discuss the question
whether the extended can or cannot exist without such
secondary qualities, nor could we have declared, as we have
done, that it is not evident to us either that they can or
that they cannot do so, and that an open mind is to be
maintained there anent.